Conference article

This paper examines the impacts of CO₂ emission reduction targets and carbon tax on future technologies selection especially solar PV and energy use in Bangladesh power sector during 2005-2035. It also examines the co-benefits of energy security of the country. The analyses are based on a long-term energy system optimization model of Bangladesh using the MARKAL framework. The results of the study show that on a base scenario; power generated from solar PV is not yet competitive with that of fossil fuel-based power plants. Alternative policy scenarios on CO₂ emission constraints reduce the burden of imported fuel; improve energy security and reduce environmental impacts. The results show that the introduction of the CO₂ emission reduction targets and carbon tax directly affect the shift of technologies from high carbon content fossil-based to low carbon content fossil-based and clean solar PV technologies compared to the base scenario. The cumulative net energy imports during 2005-2035 would be reduced in the range of 33-61% compared to the base scenario. The total primary energy requirement would be reduced in the range of 4.5-22.37% and the primary energy supply system would be diversified. Solar PV plays an important role in achieving reasonable energy security.

Solar PV; CO₂ emission; MARKAL Model; Bangladesh Power Sector