Gasification is a flexible technology where all types of organic waste including biomass from manure can be used as feed to the reactor. The recovery of energy from solid waste offers several benefits including substantial reduction in the total quantity of waste and reduction in environmental pollution. In the gasification process carbonaceous feedstock is fluidized with steam, air or oxygen to at temperature about 800-900°C. The most suitable application of the product gas from the reactor is dependent on the quality and composition of the gas. The producer gas can be used in gas engines or turbines to produce electricity or it can be used in production of liquid fuel for transport.
In this study, livestock manure is analyzed regarding moisture and ash content and heating values. Bomb Calorimeter is used to measure heating values, moister dryer to measure the water content and muffle furnace for determination of ash content. Different types of manure have been tested and a few are considered as possible feedstock to a gasification reactor. Gasification of manure is simulated using the data obtained from the analysis. The simulations are performed using the process simulation software Aspen Plus. Reaction equations and kinetics found in literature are included in the Aspen Plus simulations. The focus has been to study the heating values and fractions of the different components in the product gas. The results are discussed and different modifications of the process parameters in the simulations are considered.
Aspen tech, Aspen Plus Getting Started Modeling Processes with Solids. Version Number: V7.2 July 2010
Doherty, Wayne, Reynolds A., Kennedy D. Aspen plus simulation of biomass gasification in a steam blown dual technological developments, A. Méndez-Vilas (Ed.), Formatex Research Centre, pp. 211-220, 2013.
Font-Palma, Carolina, kinetics and modelling of gasification of poultry manure and litter: An overview. Energy
Conversion and Management Volume 53, Issue 1, January 2012, Pages 92–98. doi: 10.1016/j.enconman.2011.08.017
Hjorth, Maibritt, Christensen, K. V., Christensen, M. L.,
Sommer, Sven G., Solid–Liquid Separation of Animal
Slurry in Theory and Practice, Sustainable Agriculture Volume 2, (953-986), 2011.
Jarungthammachote, S., Dutta, A. Equilibrium modeling of gasification: Gibbs free energy minimization approach and its application to spouted bed and spout-fluid bed gasifiers. Science Direct, Energy Conversion and Management 49 (2008) 1345–1356.
Kaushal, Priyanka, Proell, Tobias, Hofbauer, Hermann, Application of a detailed mathematical model to the gasifier unit of the dual fluidized bed gasification plant.
Biomass and Bioenergy Volume 35, Issue 7, July 2011, Pages 2491–2498. doi: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.01.025
McKendry, Peter, Energy production from biomass (part 3): gasification technologies, Bioresource Technology, Volume 83, Issue 1, May 2002, Pages 55–63. doi: 10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00120-1
Puig-Arnavat, Maria, Bruno, Joan Carles, Coronas Alberto. Review and analysis of biomass gasification models, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. Volume 14, Issue 9, December 2010, Pages 2841–2851. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2010.07.030
Proell Tobias, Rauch Reinhard, Aichernig Christian, Hofbauer Hermann, Coupling of biomass steam gasification and an SOFC - gas turbine hybrid system for highly efficient electricity generation Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2004: Power for Land, Sea, and Air June 14–17, 2004, Vienna, Austria
Ptasinski, Krzysztof J., Mark Prins J., Pierik Anke. Exergetic evaluation of biomass gasification, Energy Volume 32, Issue 4, April 2007, Pages 568–574.
doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2006.06.024
Thapa, Rajan Kumar. Optimization of Flow Behavior in Biomass Gasification Reactor. Doctoral Dissertation at Telemark University College, Faculty of Technology 2015:2, ISBN 978-82-7206-394-7.
Triolo, Jin M, Pedersen, Lene, Sommer Sven G. Characteristics of Animal Slurry as a key biomass for biogas production in Denmark. pp. 307-326, 2013. doi. 10.5772/54424
Wang Lijun, Shahbazi, Milford, Hanna A. Characterization of corn stover, distiller grains and cattle manure for thermochemical conversion, 2010, Biomass and Bioenergy, Volume 35, Issue 1, January 2011, Pages 171–178. doi: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.08.018
Xiao, Xianbin , Dung, Duc Le, Li Liuyun, Meng, Xianliang, Cao Jingpei, Morishita Kayoko, Takarad, Takayuki. Catalytic steam gasification of biomass in fluidized bed at low temperature: Conversion from livestock manure compost to hydrogen-rich syngas, 2010. doi: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.05.001.
