Michael Martin
Linköping University, Environmental Technology and Management, Linköping, Sweden
Niclas Svensson
Linköping University, Environmental Technology and Management, Linköping, Sweden
Jorge Fonseca
Linköping University, Environmental Technology and Management, Linköping, Sweden
Download articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp11057163Published in: World Renewable Energy Congress - Sweden; 8-13 May; 2011; Linköping; Sweden
Linköping Electronic Conference Proceedings 73:22, p. 163-170
Published: 2011-11-03
ISBN: 978-91-7393-070-3
ISSN: 1650-3686 (print), 1650-3740 (online)
As the production of biofuels continues to expand worldwide; criticism about; e.g. the energy output versus input and the competition with food has been questioned. However; biofuels may be optimized to increase the environmental performance through the concepts of industrial symbiosis. This paper offers a quantification of the environmental performance of industrial symbiosis in the biofuel industry through integration of biogas and ethanol processes using a life cycle approach. Results show that although increasing integration is assumed to produce environmental benefits in industrial symbiosis; not all impact categories have achieved this and the results depend upon the allocation methods chosen.
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