Climate change is one of the most challenging environmental problems of our time. In this paper; I analyse some of the ethical issues raised by climate change; especially the human rights that are threatened by the impacts of global warming and the problem of partial compliance or non-compliance to moral duties. I also assess some ethical implications of potentially catastrophic phenomena driven by this ecological issue and recommend specific solutions by briefly developing institutional reforms to current climate policies. My point is to explain; by using a normative approach based on sound empirical findings; in what sense climate change can be seen as a philosophical problem that should worry ethicists and political theorists; and what can be done to avert the massive violation of the rights of present and future victims of climate change. I focus specifically on solutions in terms of mitigation (and therefore set aside adaptation and compensation) and try to explain why incentives can play an important role to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions.
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