Mohsen M. Aboulnaga
Professor, University of Dubai, Dubai, UAE \ Main Founder, Emirates Green Building Council, UAE
Sabah Abdullah
University of the Basque Country, Environmental Economics Unit, Institute for Public Economics, Spain \ University of Bath, Department of Economics, Bath, UK
Ladda ner artikel
http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp110573018Ingår i: World Renewable Energy Congress - Sweden; 8-13 May; 2011; Linköping; Sweden
Linköping Electronic Conference Proceedings 57:3, s. 3018-3025
Publicerad: 2011-11-03
ISBN: 978-91-7393-070-3
ISSN: 1650-3686 (tryckt), 1650-3740 (online)
The impact of climate change on our cities has been clearly manifested. Cities do not only consume most natural resources but also produce air pollution and generate great amount of waste and waste water. This paper focuses on sustainable cities strategies and indicators for the case of Santa Monica city; US using a set of 29 sustainable indicators for some years 1990-2006. The study sheds light on the application of some sustainable development (SD) indicator and suggests more applicable and specific data to further examine other cities sustainable programmes. The six thematic dimensions: sustainable; economic; equitable; social; viable and livable; where 62% of the 29 indicators are presented. Indeed; the review of some of the 29 indicators for Santa Monica shows the various levels of SD before and after the Sustainable City Program (SCP).
[1] L. R. Brown; Plan B.4.0; Mobilizing to Save Civilization; Earth Policy Institute publication; W.W. Norton and Co: New York; 2009.
[2] M. Polase; Urban Population in 1900; Urbanization and Development; Development Express; no.4; 1997; U.N. Population Division; World Urbanization Prospectus: The 2007 Revision; UNPD: New York 2009.
[3] U.N. Population Division; World Urbanization Prospectus: The 2007 Revision Population Database; electronic database; 2007; available at: www.esa.un.org/unup.
[4] G. Metschies; Pain at the Pump; Foreign Policy; July/August 2007; World’s Automotative Group; World Motor Vehicle Data: Southfield; Michigan; 2008
[5] A. R. Migiro; The U.N. Report on Water Crisis; U.N. Symposium on Water Security; News Services; 2009
[6] P. Anastasiadis and G. Metaxas; Environmental protection and the sustainable city; Proceedings of 1st World Conference on Technology and Engineering Education; Kraków; Poland; 14-17 September; 2010 WIETE; pp. 91
[7] Sustainable city network (SCN); available at: www.sustainablecitiesnet.com.
[8] G. A. Tanguay; J. Rajaonson; J.F. Lefebvre and P. Lanoie; Measuring the sustainability of cities: An analysis of the use of local indicators; Ecological Indicators 10; 2010; pp. 407–418.
doi: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2009.07.013.
[9] Climate action; available from: http://www.climateactionprogramme.org/news.
[10] European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument; Strategy Paper (2007-2013); Eastern Regional Programme; European Commission; available from: http://ec.europa.eu/world/enp/pdf/country/enpi-eastern-rsp-en.pdf.
[11] L. Shen; J. Jorge Ochoa; Mona N. Shah; and Xiaoling Zhang; The application of urban sustainability indicators e A comparison between various practices; Elsevier; Habitat International 35; 2011; pp. 17-29.
doi: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2010.03.006.
[12] K. Zhang; X; He; and Z; Wen; Study of indicators of urban environmentally sustainable development in China; International Journal of Sustainable Development 6 (2); 2003; pp. 170-182.
doi: 10.1504/IJSD.2003.004213.
[13] N. Moussiopoulos; C. Achillas; C. Vlachokostas; D. Spyridi; and K. Nikolaou; Environmental; social and economic information management for the evaluation of sustainability in urban areas: A system of indicators for Thessaloniki; Greece; Cities; 27; 2010; pp. 377–384.
doi: 10.1016/j.cities.2010.06.001.
[14] D.; Niemeijer; R.S. De Groot; A conceptual framework for selecting environmental indicators sets. Ecological Indicators 8; 2008; pp. 14–25.
doi: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2006.11.012.
[15] Santa Monica Sustainable City Program - Progress Report Office of Sustainability and Environment; Santa Monica; US; 2009 available from: http://www.smgov.net/Departments/OSE/progressReport/default.aspx.
[16] Stiglitz; JE; Sen; A & Fitoussi; JP. Report by the Commission on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress (Commission on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress; 2009.
